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Principle:Fede1024 Rust rdkafka Transaction Lifecycle Management

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Domains Messaging, Transactions
Last Updated 2026-02-07 19:00 GMT

Overview

A state machine for managing Kafka transaction boundaries including initialization, begin, commit, and abort operations.

Description

Transaction Lifecycle Management defines the state transitions for exactly-once Kafka processing. A transaction groups multiple produce operations and consumer offset commits into an atomic unit. Either all operations succeed (commit) or all are rolled back (abort).

The lifecycle is: (1) init_transactions registers with the transaction coordinator and fences previous instances, (2) begin_transaction opens a new transaction, (3) messages are produced and offsets sent within the transaction scope, (4) commit_transaction atomically commits all operations, or abort_transaction rolls back.

Error handling is critical: some errors are retriable (retry the whole transaction), some require abort (abort and retry), and some are fatal (producer must be destroyed).

Usage

Use this principle for exactly-once consume-transform-produce pipelines. The full lifecycle must be followed: init once, then loop on begin-produce-commit with error handling and abort on failure.

Theoretical Basis

Transaction state machine:

Pseudo-code logic:

// Abstract algorithm - state machine
producer.init_transactions(timeout)  // UNINITIALIZED -> READY

loop {
    producer.begin_transaction()      // READY -> IN_TRANSACTION

    // produce messages within transaction
    producer.send(record)
    producer.send_offsets_to_transaction(offsets, group_metadata, timeout)

    match producer.commit_transaction(timeout) {  // IN_TRANSACTION -> READY
        Ok(()) => continue,
        Err(retriable) => { producer.abort_transaction(timeout); continue; }
        Err(fatal) => break,
    }
}

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